Forensic Brainwave Analysis currently has three areas: Brain Fingerprinting (BFP), Complex Trial Protocol and Brain Electrical Oscillation Signature Profiling.
BFP is an ERP*-based knowledge detection technology aiming to detect concealed knowledge pertaining to an incident (criminal or otherwise) in a person's brain. BFP can also detect if a certain person has knowledge specific to a specific group or organisation (e.g., FBI).
BFP was invented in the early 1990s by Dr Lawrence (Larry) Farwell - currently the Chief Science Officer of the Brain Fingerprinting Technologies.
During my PhD at University of Canterbury, I worked with academics from psychology and law in a New Zealand Law Foundation project to replicate the accuracy and reliability of the BFP technology with general population and with parolees.
An EEG headset (see the figure) and a computer software are used in this technology.